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    Gaza Under Fire and Famine –  Israeli Occupation Kills 48 Palestinians Within Hours

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    EU Urged to Impose Sanctions on Officials of the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation

    تقرير ندوة- تجويع غزة: الجريمة، الصمت، وخيارات المواجهة

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    Webinar Report- Starving Gaza: The Crime, The Silence, The Action Needed

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    Webinar- Starving Gaza: The Crime, The Silence, The Action Needed

    ندوة- 20 شهرًا من الإبادة: جرائم “مؤسسة غزة الإنسانية” ومصير نشطاء سفينة مادلين

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    تقرير ندوة- تجويع غزة: الجريمة، الصمت، وخيارات المواجهة

    Webinar Report- Starving Gaza: The Crime, The Silence, The Action Needed

    ندوة- 20 شهرًا من الإبادة: جرائم “مؤسسة غزة الإنسانية” ومصير نشطاء سفينة مادلين

    Webinar- 20 Months of Genocide: The Role of the ‘Gaza Humanitarian Foundation’ and the Disappearance of the Madleen Boat Activists

    ندوة: هل يكفي التهديد الأوروبي بفرض عقوبات على الاحتلال؟

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    ندوة: استئناف الإبادة في غزة وسط التواطؤ الدولي وازدواجية معايير صناع القرار

    Webinar Report: Resumption of Genocide in Gaza Amid International Complicity

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    غزة تحت النار.. استمرار حرب الإبادة الجماعية وسط صمت دولي

    Gaza Under Fire: Genocidal War Continues Amid Global Silence

    “مجموعة لاهاي”.. تحالف دولي لمحاسبة الاحتلال الإسرائيلي وإنهائه

    The Hague Group Must Call for an Emergency Session of the UN General Assembly to Break the Silence and Confront Global Inaction

    غزة تحت نار القتل والجوع.. الاحتلال يفتك بـ48 فلسطينياً خلال ساعات

    Gaza Under Fire and Famine –  Israeli Occupation Kills 48 Palestinians Within Hours

    ارتفاع وفيات التجويع في غزة إلى 193 بينهم 96 طفلاً

    Gaza: Starvation Death Toll Rises to 193, Including 96 Children

    طبيبة من غزة تفجع بمقتل أطفالها التسعة في قصف إسرائيلي

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    The Hague Group Must Call for an Emergency Session of the UN General Assembly to Break the Silence and Confront Global Inaction

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    The Office of the Prosecutor at ICC  Must Open an Investigation into Serious Crimes allegedly committed by Officials of the “Gaza Humanitarian” Foundation

    الاتحاد الأوروبي مطالب بفرض عقوبات على مسؤولي “مؤسسة غزة الإنسانية”

    EU Urged to Impose Sanctions on Officials of the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation

    تقرير ندوة- تجويع غزة: الجريمة، الصمت، وخيارات المواجهة

    Webinar Report- Starving Gaza: The Crime, The Silence, The Action Needed

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    Israel’s War in Gaza is Not a Valid Act of Self-defence in International Law

    Legal Consequences for Third States of Israel’s breaches of international law in the Palestinian Gaza Strip

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    A Perverse and Ominous Enterprise: The Death Penalty and Illegal Executions in Saudi Arabia

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    The Situation in Palestine before the ICC

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    Webinar: The Gaza Humanitarian Foundation’s Role in the Crime of Genocide

    Webinar: The Gaza Humanitarian Foundation’s Role in the Crime of Genocide

    تقرير ندوة- تجويع غزة: الجريمة، الصمت، وخيارات المواجهة

    Webinar Report- Starving Gaza: The Crime, The Silence, The Action Needed

    Webinar- Starving Gaza: The Crime, The Silence, The Action Needed

    Webinar- Starving Gaza: The Crime, The Silence, The Action Needed

    ندوة- 20 شهرًا من الإبادة: جرائم “مؤسسة غزة الإنسانية” ومصير نشطاء سفينة مادلين

    Webinar- 20 Months of Genocide: The Role of the ‘Gaza Humanitarian Foundation’ and the Disappearance of the Madleen Boat Activists

  • Multimedia
    تقرير ندوة- تجويع غزة: الجريمة، الصمت، وخيارات المواجهة

    Webinar Report- Starving Gaza: The Crime, The Silence, The Action Needed

    ندوة- 20 شهرًا من الإبادة: جرائم “مؤسسة غزة الإنسانية” ومصير نشطاء سفينة مادلين

    Webinar- 20 Months of Genocide: The Role of the ‘Gaza Humanitarian Foundation’ and the Disappearance of the Madleen Boat Activists

    ندوة: هل يكفي التهديد الأوروبي بفرض عقوبات على الاحتلال؟

    Webinar Report: Is Threatening Sanctions Enough? European Complicity in Gaza’s Genocide Under the Spotlight

    ندوة: استئناف الإبادة في غزة وسط التواطؤ الدولي وازدواجية معايير صناع القرار

    Webinar Report: Resumption of Genocide in Gaza Amid International Complicity

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Legal Consequences for Third States of Israel’s breaches of international law in the Palestinian Gaza Strip

November 26, 2023
in Reports
Israel’s War in Gaza is Not a Valid Act of Self-defence in International Law
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Legal Opinion for the Arab Organisation for Human Rights in the UK
Dr Ralph Wilde

27 November 2023


Executive Summary

(The present opinion is limited to the Palestinian Gaza Strip, although much of what it covers is equally applicable to Israel’s use of force through the occupation of the Palestinian West Bank.)

Israel’s current use of force in the Palestinian Gaza Strip is part of a long-standing illegal use of force by that state in the territory which began in 1967. It is a violation of the use of force, an aggression, and the right of self-determination of the Palestinian people. In addition, the use of force in its current manifestation, supplementing the force-enabled siege with aerial bombardment and a land invasion, also involves breaches of the laws of war, a.k.a. international humanitarian law (IHL), including serious violations which constitute war crimes, and breaches of the prohibition of apartheid in particular and racial discrimination more generally. Some of these breaches are also a continuation, in more extreme form, of what happened prior to the current bombing and land incursion campaign. Also, a credible case is now being made by states, UN experts and human rights NGOs that crimes against humanity and genocide are being committed.

Israel is obliged to cease its illegal behaviour immediately: a ceasefire and withdrawal from, and complete termination of the force-enabled siege of, the Palestinian Gaza Strip. Because fundamental international legal rules are being breached, third states (all other states apart from Israel and Palestine) have special legal obligations. They must not recognize as lawful, or provide any aid or assistance to, Israel’s use of force in, including its occupation of, the Palestinian Gaza Strip. This means not affirming that Israel has a right to use this force, and ceasing support, including military support, to Israel for this purpose. They must also take positive steps to bring the illegal situation to an end, including calling for Israel to take the aforementioned actions.

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